Apparatus for making lard substitute.



J. G. GHISHOLM. APPARATUS FOR MAKING LARD SUBSTITUTE.

APPLIOLTION FILED OCT. 8, 1912.

Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

I Wig/moo L-k-M sufiiciently porous to Improvements in .tral orrevolving portion UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JESSE o. cnisnonmor DALLAS, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR TO THE on snonm PROCESS OILnnrmmci COMPANY, or DALLAS, TEXAS, A conrona'rrou or TEXAS.

V APPARATUS FOR MAKING LARD SUBSTITUTE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed October 8, 1912'.Serial No. 724,633.

- Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

To all whom.- it may concern: A

Be it known that I, JESSE O. GmsHoLM, a citizen of the United States,las, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas, have invented certainnew and useful Lard Substitute, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to apparatus to be used in carrying out myprocess of producing a lard substitute from cotton seed oil, suchprocess being fully set forth in my copending application for process ofmaking lard substitute, filed October 8, 1912, Serial No. 724,634.

An important object of this invention is to provide apparatus of theabove men tioned character, which is simple in 'construction, cheap tomanufacture, and continuous in operation.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent duringthe course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and inwhich like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout thesame, Figure 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view thereof, Fig.2'is a cross-sectional view through the cenof the apparatus, taken atright angles to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing amodified form of apparatus, and, Fig. 4: is a crosssectional view takenat right angles to Fig. 3.

In the drawings 1 designates a closed cylindrical chamber or casing,preferably mounted upon suitable fixed supports 2'and provided with apressure gage 3, a gas-outlet 4 which may be set to discharge the gas atany desired pressure, a gage 5 to indicate the height of the liquidcontents of the chamber 1, and a valve outlet for the finished product.

Centrally and rotatably mounted within the chamber or casing 1 is acatalyzing element 7, preferably consisting of a spool-like support 8containing strands of wire formed of or coated with a catalytic agent oran alloy thereof, the'strands of the wire being spirally wound layerupon vlayer from the center outwardly, the Wound mass being of liquidand gas outwardly therethrough, the liquid and gas tending to follow theresiding at Dal- Apparatus for Making permit of the passage spiralcourseof the wire in its passage out- Ward. In the construction of thecatalyzing .element'referred to, I may advantageously No. 2-0 copperwire with a rough employ black unpolished electrolytic deposit of nickelthereon, although I may employ as a catalyzing agent, wire of nickel,palladium orother suitable catalyzing material which has been roughenedand which is unpolished, or copper or other metallic wire coated with anunpolished film or coating or with a film or coating of an alloy of acatalyzing material, or the wire may have permanently deposited thereonthe catalyzing agent as a finely divided powder or I may catalyzingagent in the form of a finely divided powder permanently deposited upona metallic wire coated or covered with the catalyzing element. Withinthe spirally wound wire is a central chamber 10 with which there isrigidly connected at one side thereof an inlet pipe 11 to providehydrogen gas from a suitable source of supply. To the other side of thechamber 10 is rigidly connected a pipe' 12 which is in communicationwith an oil tank 13 adapted to contain employ the the cotton seed oil tobe treated. Pipes 11 and 12 are rotatably mounted within bearings 14.secured, as shown, upon opposite sides of the chamber or casing l andthe pipe 12 is provided with a pulley 14 adapted to be driven by, asuitable belt (not shown) connected with any desired source of power.Tight packing joints 15 are employed to connect the revoluble portionsof the pipes 11 and 12 with the fixed or rigid portions thereof. Outsideof the bearings 14 I provide suitable stuifing boxes to insure a gastight closure around the pipes 11 and 12.

Instead of employing the wire constituting or coated with the catalyticagent in the form of strands, I may employ woven wire in the form ofwire gauze, fine mesh wire screen, or the like, as shown moreparticularly in Figs. 3 and 4;.

While the proportions of the parts illustrated may be widely varied,satisfactory results may be obtained by forming the outer chamber orcasing 1, three feet six inches in diameter and six inches thick withinlets at opposite sides thereof of one-half inch. The catalytic agent 7may advantageously have a diameter of twenty-three inches and athickness of five and threefourths inches, the inner chamber 10 beingapproximately three inches in diameter.

The catalyzing element is revolved in a direction to throw the liquidand gaseous contents of the chamber 10 outwardly along the lines of thespirally wound wire so that in the rotation of the element 7 the mixtureof cotton seed oil which enters through the pipe 12, preferably througha spray-nozzle l7, and hydrogen gas which enters through the pipe 11, isforced gradually outward by centrifugal action or by pressure, isbroughtintimately in contact with the wires of the catalytic agent.

I may advantageously introduce the hydrogen gas and oil under pressure,and I preferaby employ the oil at a temperature In the 'use of theapparatus, the cotton seed oil is placed in the tank 13 and is sprayedinto the chamber 10 at a temperature of 160. Hydrogen. gas either in theform of hydrogen gas alone or with other gases in water or producer gas,preferably Mond producer gas, is forced into the chamber 10 through thepipe 11 and is thoroughly mixed with the oil in the chamber 10. Thecatalytic element 7 is rotated rapidly in a direction to force the oiland hydrogen spirally outward along the lines of the Wire forming orcoated with, the catalytic agent and in this contact the cotton seed oilundergoes a chemical change, whereby its producing a lard-like fattycomposition rom cotton seed oil and that in the practise of 'my process,I am able to produce a fatty composition having any desired.consistency, by regulating the rapidity of rotation of the catalyticelement.

It is to be understood that the forms of my invention herewith shown anddescribed are to be taken as preferred examples of the same, but thatcertain changes in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts may beresorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or thescope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim I I 1. In apparatus of thecharacter described, the combination with a permeable rotatable drumcomprising a catalytic agent in the form of awire wound into layers, ofmeans for rotating the drum, and means for supplying fatty material andhydrogen into the drum.

2. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with apermeable rotatable drum comprising a catalytic agent in' the form ofspirally wound Wire, of means for rotating the drum, and means forsupplying fatty material and hydrogen into the drum.

3. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with aperforated rotatable drum, of means for rotating the same, means forsupplying fatty material and hydrogen into the drum, and a separatepermeable annulus of catalytic material completely surrounding thesupporting element.

for rotation therewith.

4. In apparatus of the character dev scribed, the combination with aperforated rotatable supporting element, of means for rotating the same,means for supplying fatty material and hydrogen into the supportingelement, and a permeable annulus of considerable radial dimensioncompletely surrounding the supporting element for rotation therewith andformed in layers of spirally wound wire having its engaging sur face ofa catalytic agent.

- 5. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with arelatively stationary outer casing, of a spool shaped supporting elementrotatably mounted therein with its tubular portion perforated, apermeable catalytic annulus surroundin the tubular portion of thesupporting e ement, means to supply oil into one end of said tubularportion, means to supply hydrogen into the 0pposite end of said tubularportion, and means to rotate the spool shaped supporting element.

6. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with arotatable drum provided with outwardly, extending curved channels havingtheir walls formed of a catalytic agent, of means to supply fattymaterial and hydrogen to the in-take ends of the channels, and means torotate the drum to cause the fatty material and hydrogen to passoutwardly by centrifugal force through the curved channels in contactwith the catalytic agent.

7 In apparatus of the character described, the combination with arotatable drum provided with outwardly extending relatively long curvedchannels having their walls coated with a catalytic agent, of means tosupply fatty material and hydrogen in proximity to the in-take ends ofthe channels, and means to rotate the drum.

8. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with arotatable drum provided with spiral channels having their walls coatedwith a catalytic agent, of

means for supplying fatty material and hydrogen in proximity to theinlet ends of the spiral channels, and means to rotate the drum.

9. Apparatus of the character described, comprising a rotatable drumprovided with spiral channels having their walls provided with acatalytic agent, and means for supplying, material to be treated inproximity to the inlet ends of the spiral channels.

10. Apparatus of the character described, comprising a rotatablereceptacle. provided with spiral channels embodying a catalytic agent,and means to rotate the receptacle.

11. Apparatus of the character described, comprising a rotatablereceptacle provided with a plurality of relatively long outwardlydischarging channels which are curved longitudinally and are laterallyrestricted and embody a catalytic agent, and means to r0- tate thereceptacle so that material fed to the intake ends of the channels willpass therethrough by the action of centrifugal force.

12. Apparatus of the character described, comprising a rotatablereceptacle including a plurality of layers of contiguous stripsembodying a catalytic agent and arranged to provide relatively longchannels which are longitudinally curved and laterally restricted, meansto feed material to the intake ends of the channels, and means to rotatethe receptacle so that such material will travel through the channelsdueto the action of centrifugal force. I

13. Apparatus of the character described, comprising a rotatablereceptacle having its periphery including contiguous strips embodying acatalytic agent, means to supply material to be treated to the intakeends of the contiguous strips, and means to rotate the receptacle sothat the material is made to travel outwardly by centrifugal force uponand in engagement with the catalytic surfaces of the contiguous strips.

14. Apparatus of the character described,

comprising a rotatable support, a receptacle connected therewith torotate with the same and formed of a catalytic agent embodyingapproximately horizontally curved contiguous strips arranged to form aperiphery having a plurality of longitudinally curved channels, meansfor supplying material to be treated to the intake ends of the channels,and means to rotate the support and receptacle whereby 'the material ismade to travel outwardly by centrifugal force to the curved channels.:In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

- JESSE C. CHISHOLM. Witnesses:

LEON BLUM, Jr., C. H; PARKER.

